This was already done in the 80s in the thundercats animated series, when Lion-o goes back to the last days of his homeworld and meets his father who perished when the planet was destroyed. He was unable to save him, as his father had to control the escape ship's faulty guidance system from the ground facility, otherwise the last of his people would perish as well.

He then had to escape the dying planet himself, with the newfound understanding of how things ended for their world. I think the episode was called '"the time capsule" or similar.

Trying to figure out what kind of bullet hits with more force than large scale artillery, which he has often shrugged off. Is he being hit with a gauss or rail gun?

Superman has literally flown into volcanic eruptions without being hampered in any way. Bad writing is bad.